Lu Weiguo

Modern Agricultural Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, China
Author    Correspondence author
Molecular Plant Breeding, 2025, Vol. 16, No. 6   
Received: 27 Oct., 2025    Accepted: 03 Dec., 2025    Published: 15 Dec., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study summarizes the main metabolic pathways, key genes and their regulatory methods involved in the color formation of peppers, introduces the latest progress of multi-omics technology in studying the mechanism of pigment accumulation, and proposes that in the future, the color of peppers can be improved through multi-omics integration, precise breeding and the construction of a color trait database to enhance the utilization rate of genetic resources. Research has found that there is mutual influence among different pigment metabolic pathways. The transcription factor network plays a major role in fruit development and ripening, determining the change in color. Environmental factors can also indirectly affect the synthesis of pigments by regulating transcription factors and signaling pathways. The combination of new technologies such as molecular marker-assisted selection, gene editing and metabolic engineering has opened up a new direction for the color improvement of peppers. This research aims to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the molecular improvement and precise breeding of pepper color traits.

Pepper fruit color; Carotenoids and anthocyanins; Transcriptional regulation; Multi-omics integration; Genome editing and molecular breeding